| 1994-1995 | Office Assistant, Open Society Foundation, Bratislava, Slovakia
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| 1995 | Program Assistant,Training Center, United States Peace Corps, Bratislava, Slovakia
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| 1996 | Information Desk Officer, Slovak Academic, Information Agency (SAIA), Bratislava, Slovakia
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| 1997-1999 | Freelance Correspondent, Radio Deutsche Welle, Slovak edition, Cologne, Germany
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| 2000-2001 | Research Assistant, Dept. Of Administration and Organization Theory, University of Bergen, Norway
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| 2003-2004 | Visiting Scholar, SCANCOR, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
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| 2001-2005 | Research Fellow / PhD Candidate, Department of Political Science, University of Oslo, Norway
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| 2006 | Senior Researcher, ARENA - Centre for European Studies, University of Oslo, Norway
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| since 2006 | Research Fellow, Institute for European Integration Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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| since 2006 | Lecturer, Institute for European Studies and International Relations, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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| since 2007 | Adjunct Professor, Webster University, International Relations Dept., Vienna, Austria |
| 1966 | Abitur in Saarbrücken
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| 1967-1968 | Wehrdienst/Reserveoffizierslaufbahn
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| 1969-1973 | Studium der Rechts-, Wirtschafts- und Politikwissenschaften an der Universität des Saarlandes
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| 1973-1976 | Juristischer Vorbereitungsdienst; wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter an der Universität des Saarlandes; Zweite Juristische Staatsprüfung
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| 1974-1975 | Studium, ENA - Ecole Nationale d'Administration, Paris
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| 1976 | Eintritt in den diplomatischen Dienst, Auslandsverwendungen in Algier und Brüssel (EG-Vertretung)
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| 1985-1987 | Mitarbeiter, Ministerbüro des Auswärtigen Amtes
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| 1987-1993 | Leiter, Europareferat im Bundeskanzleramt; europapolitischer Berater von Bundeskanzler Dr. Helmut Kohl
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| 1993-1998 | Leiter, Abteilung Auswärtige Beziehungen, Entwicklungspolitik, äußere Sicherheit, Bundeskanzleramt; Europa-, Außen- und sicherheitspolitischer Berater von Bundeskanzler Dr. Helmut Kohl
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| 1998-1999 | Botschafter, Ständiger Vertreter der Bundesrepublik Deutschland im Nordatlantikrat in Brüssel
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| 1999-2002 | Botschafter der Bundesrepublik Deutschland im Königreich Spanien und im Fürstentum Andorra
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| 2003-2012 | Beauftragter für Internationale Angelegenheiten (Executive Vice-President International Affairs), Veolia Environnement SA, Paris
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| 2009-2012 | Delegierter (Chairman), Veolia Environnement, Deutschland
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| seit 2013 | Aufsichts- und Beratungsmandate privater und öffentlicher Institutionen |
| 1979-1986 | Assistant Professor of Political Science at Columbia University
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| 1985-1989 | Special Advisor to the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs working on policy issues, advising on the Iran-Iraq war and the Soviet war in Afghanistan, Department of State
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| 1989-1991 | Senior political scientist at RAND and associate professor at the University of California at San Diego
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| 1991-1992 | Assistant Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Planning, Department of Defense
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| 1993-1999 | Director of the Strategy, Doctrine and Force Structure program for RAND's Project Air Force, founded the Center for Middle Eastern Studies
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| | Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Southwest Asia, Near East, and North African Affairs, National Security Council
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| | Special Presidential Envoy at Large for the Free Iraqis
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| | Headed Bush-Cheney transition team for the Department of Defense Counselor to Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld
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| 1999-2003 | Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Islamic Outreach and Southwest Asia Initiatives, National Security Council
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| 2003-2005 | United States Ambassador to Afghanistan and Special Presidential Envoy to Afghanistan
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| 2005-2007 | United States Ambassador to Iraq
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| since 2007 | United States Permanent Representative to the United Nations |
| 1977 | Diploma, Law Studies in Vienna
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| 1977-1978 | Postgraduate-Studies, College of Europe, Bruges
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| 1978 | Diploma of The Hague Academy of International Law, The Hague
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| 1979 | Joined the Austrian Diplomatic Service
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| 1982-1986 | Austrian Mission to the European Communities, Brussels
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| 1986-1990 | Austrian Embassy, Moscow
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| 1991-1993 | Private Office of the Austrian Foreign Minister, Vienna
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| 1993-1995 | Deputy Head of Cabinet of Foreign Ministers Mock and Schüssel, Vienna
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| 1995-1999 | Deputy Political Director and Director for Security Policy and Policy Planning, Austrian Foreign Ministry, Vienna
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| 1999-2003 | Ambassador of Austria to Belgium and Head of the Austrian Mission to NATO, Brussels
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| 2002-2004 | Special Representative of the Austrian Foreign Minister for the Western Balkans
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| 2003-2004 | Representative of the Chancellor in the Reform Commission of the Federal Army, Vienna
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| 2003-2008 | Political Director (Director General for Political Affairs) of the Austrian Foreign Ministry, Vienna
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| 2008-2011 | Permanent Representative of Austria to the United Nations, New York
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| 2009-2010 | Also represented Austria on the United Nations Security Council, New York
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| 2011 | Vice-President of the 66th General Assembly of the UN, New York
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| 2011-2015 | Ambassador, (Head of the Delegation) of the European Union to the United Nations, New York
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| | Visiting Professor, College of Europe, Bruges and Natolin
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| | Lecturer, Diplomatic Academy, Vienna |
| since 2015 | Managing Director for Europe and Central Asia, European External Action Service, Brussels
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| 1987-1989 | Degree in German Literature and Political Science, University of Vienna
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| 1989-1995 | Degree in International Law, Macroeconomics, Political Science, University of Vienna
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| 1996 | Projects, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business
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| since 1996 | Journalist for the Austrian quality newspaper "Die Presse" (foreign desk)
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| 2003-2004 | Correspondent in Berlin (Germany)
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| since 2004 | Head of the foreign desk, "Die Presse"
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| since 2009 | Editor in Chief, "Die Presse am Sonntag" |
