| Studies in Law, Graz; International Relations, Johns Hopkins Bologna Center; Economics, University of Maryland |
1971-1995 | Researcher and Board Member, Austrian Institute of Economic Research |
1995-2008 | Deputy Director General, Austrian Ministry of Finance |
2002-2004 | Board Director, World Bank |
2008-2012 | Board Director, EBRD - European Bank for Reconstruction and Development |
1982-1987 | Studiums der Volkswirtschaft, Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien |
1987-1988 | Diplom in Internationalen Beziehungen, Johns Hopkins University, Bologna Centre, Italien |
1988-1991 | Volkswirtschaftliche Abteilung, Gruppe Geldpolitik, Oesterreichische Nationalbank, Wien |
1991-1995 | Finanzattachée, Ständige Vertretung (Mission) Österreichs bei den Europäischen Gemeinschaften, Brüssel |
1995-1996 | Beraterin EU-Angelegenheiten, Direktorium der OeNB, Oesterreichische Nationalbank, Wien |
1997-2000 | Ministerkabinett, Beraterin des Ministers (EU/Internationale Finanz- und Wirtschaftsangelegenheiten), Bundesministerium für Finanzen, Wien |
seit 2000 | Stv. Abteilungsleiterin, Abteilung für Integrationsangelegenheiten und Internationale Finanzorganisationen, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (OeNB), Wien |
| - 2000-2003 Mitglied EU-Wirtschaftspolitischer Ausschuß |
| - seit 2003 Mitglied IWF Unterarbeitsgruppe des WFA |
| - seit 2006 WFA (Wirtschafts- und Finanzausschuss) Alternate |
| - 2003, 2007 Mitglied High Level EZB-Rats Task Force zum EU Verfassungsvertrag |
1974-1980 | Studies, Social Economics, Johannes Kepler University Linz |
| Chairman of Student's Union, Johannes Kepler University Linz |
1979-1981 | Assistant, Department of Agricultural Policy, University of Linz |
1981-1984 | Head, Economic Policy Division, Austrian Farmers' Federation |
1985-1986 | Employee, Provincial Government of Upper Austria |
1985-1987 | Municipal Councillor in Sierning |
1987-1989 | Secretary of the Office, Federal Minister Dr. Josef Riegler |
1989-1990 | Head of the Office, Federal Minister Dr. Franz Fischler |
1990-1993 | Director, Austrian Farmers' Federation |
1990-1994 | Member, National Council of Austria |
1993-1994 | Secretary-general, Austrian People's Party |
1994-2000 | Austrian Federal Minister of Agriculture and Forestry |
2000-2003 | Austrian Federal Minister of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management |
2003-2007 | Chairman, Austrian People's Party Parliamentary group |
2007-2008 | Vice Chancellor and Federal Minister of Finance of the Republic of Austria |
| Chairman, Austrian People's Party |
2008-2011 | Member, National Council, Spokesperson on Constitutional Matters |
2011-2015 | Vice-President, European Investment Bank, Luxembourg |
since 2015 | Managing Director, EFSI - European Fund for Strategic Investments, Luxembourg |
from 1982 | Studies, Philosophy and German Literature, Vienna |
from 1984 | Journalist, Der Falter, Vienna |
1986-1987 | Journalist, Kleine Zeitung, Graz |
1987 | Freelancer, Profil, Vienna |
since 1988 | Staff member, DER STANDARD, Vienna |
1994-2002 | European Editor, DER STANDARD, Brussels |
since 2002 | Managing Editor and Head of Newsroom, DER STANDARD, Vienna |
since 2009 | Editor, Europe and NATO, DER STANDARD, Brussels |